There are technical difficulties associated with combining EEG and fMRI including the need to remove the MRI gradient artifact present during MRI acquisition. EEG measures the brain’s electrical activity directly, while other methods record changes in blood flow or metabolic activity, which are indirect markers of brain electrical activity.ĮEG can be used simultaneously with fMRI or fUS so that high-temporal-resolution data can be recorded at the same time as high-spatial-resolution data, however, since the data derived from each occurs over a different time course, the data sets do not necessarily represent exactly the same brain activity. Other methods of looking at brain activity, such as PET, fMRI or fUS have time resolution between seconds and minutes. EEGs can detect changes over milliseconds, which is excellent considering an action potential takes approximately 0.5â130 milliseconds to propagate across a single neuron, depending on the type of neuron. This is how neurons pass messages to each other in order for behaviors, thought, and other conscious or unconscious processes to occur.ĮEG has several strong points as a tool for exploring brain activity. The electrical activity in the brain is known as action potential, or nerve impulses. The electrodes of the EEG analyze the electrical impulses that are being communicated in the brain, which then gets transmitted to a computer which monitors the results. EEG is used to show the presence or absence of specific brain activity in specific areas of the brain, with an accuracy within milliseconds. The recording shows the electrical activity from small areas of the brain. The electrodes cannot pick up signals for individual neurons. The cells of the brain communicate to each other via electrical impulses, which are picked up by the EEG through small metal discs, called electrodes, which get attached to the scalp. German physiologist Hans Berger was known as the inventor of the EEG back in 1924 where he conducted the first EEG on a human. It produces a chart which shows howâbrain wavesâ vary byfrequency andamplitude of electrical output from thebrain changes over time. The electroencephalogram is a neuroimaging testwhich can detect and record minute changes in electrical activity within the brain.
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How to see your brain working – Measuring electrical activity using EEGīy Olivia Guy-Evans, published June 16, 2021
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